Every year on December 1st, people around the globe come together to commemorate World AIDS Day – a day dedicated to raising awareness, fighting stigma, and showing support for those affected by HIV/AIDS.
What is HIV/AIDS?
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells, and can progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if left untreated.
Where Did HIV Come From?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the HIV infection originated from a chimpanzee in Central Africa and slowly spread across Africa and other parts of the world. Research suggests that it was most likely passed to humans when humans hunted these chimpanzees and were exposed to their infected blood. The virus was discovered in the United States in the mid to late 1970s.
Transmission
Primarily transmitted through body fluids, including blood, semen, and breast milk, HIV spreads through unprotected sex, needle sharing, and mother-to-child transmission during childbirth or breastfeeding.
3 Stages of HIV infection
- Acute: Initial flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, rash, sore throat, night sweats, etc.) typically within two to four weeks after infection with HIV.
- Clinical Latency: Also known as chronic HIV infection stage, in this stage the virus multiplies but at low levels. People may be asymptomatic, lasting years if untreated.
- AIDS: Untreated HIV can develop into AIDS. This stage includes severe immune system damage, making individuals susceptible to infections and cancers. Symptoms of AIDS include rapid weight loss, pneumonia, memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders, prolonged swelling of the lymph glands, sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals, and more.
Prevention and Treatment
Preventing HIV involves safe practices, PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), and early ART (antiretroviral therapy) initiation. Antiretroviral therapy is crucial for managing the virus and preventing its progression.
Global Impact
Beyond chronic health concerns, HIV/AIDS has led to social stigma and discrimination, hindering prevention and treatment efforts. Millions have lost their lives, emphasizing the urgency of a collective response. Amidst the challenges, there have been significant strides in the fight against HIV/AIDS. These achievements reflect the collective efforts to turn the tide on this global health challenge.
Key Achievements
- Access to Treatment: Antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized HIV/AIDS treatment globally. Increasing access to these life-saving medications is a critical achievement that has significantly improved outcomes for individuals worldwide.
- Prevention Strategies: Innovative prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, have played a pivotal role in reducing the transmission of HIV.
- Global Solidarity: International organizations, governments, NGOs, and individuals have joined forces to combat the epidemic, emphasizing the importance of collaboration in addressing global health challenges. A global advocacy group includes the United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).
Make a Difference
- Get Tested: Regular HIV testing is a fundamental step in preventing the spread of the virus. Knowing your status empowers individuals to make informed decisions for protection and possible treatment.
- Raise Awareness: Use your voice and platforms to raise awareness about HIV/AIDS. Educate others about prevention strategies, challenge stereotypes, and contribute to creating a more compassionate and informed society.
- Support Organizations: Numerous organizations are tirelessly working to combat HIV/AIDS. Consider supporting these organizations through donations, volunteering, or advocacy efforts to amplify the global awareness required to impact HIV/AIDs.
List of HIV/AIDS Organizations
World AIDS Day is a moment for reflection, remembrance, and action. By fostering global solidarity, challenging stigma, and advocating for equal access to healthcare, we can move closer to the goal of an AIDS-free world. Together, we can make a difference in the lives of those affected by HIV/AIDS and contribute to building a healthier and more inclusive future.
